{"id":9474,"date":"2025-02-10T10:36:15","date_gmt":"2025-02-10T07:36:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=9474"},"modified":"2025-07-09T14:52:23","modified_gmt":"2025-07-09T11:52:23","slug":"%d0%b3%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%85%d0%be%d0%b2-%d0%b0-%d0%b4-%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b8%d1%8f-%d1%80%d1%83%d1%81%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%be%d0%b9-%d1%81%d0%bb%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%bd%d0%be%d1%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=9474","title":{"rendered":"\u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432, \u0410. \u0414. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 : \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0423\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b\u043c \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0439 \/ \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0410. \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u2013 2-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434., \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u2013 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 : \u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0418. \u0418. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430, 1880."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"9474\" class=\"elementor elementor-9474\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-603dab56 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"603dab56\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-241d6073 elementor-align-left go-back elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8299 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"241d6073\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11577e88 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"11577e88\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\r\n\tlet backBtn = document.querySelector(\".go-back\");\r\n\tbackBtn.addEventListener('click',function(){\r\n\t\twindow.history.back();\r\n\t});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-19aa99ca e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"19aa99ca\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4cfe7a22 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4cfe7a22\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6621883 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6621883\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432, \u0410. \u0414. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 : \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0423\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b\u043c \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0439 \/ \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0410. \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u2013 2-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434., \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u2013 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 : \u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0418. \u0418. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430, 1880.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e872251 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5e872251\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u044f \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430 (1807\u20131892), \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430.\n<br><br>\n\u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0410. \u0414. \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435 XIX \u0432. \u0412 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u00ab\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439\u00bb \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u044d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439\u00bb \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0441 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 XVIII \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u044b XIX \u0432., \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445 \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438.\n<br><Br>\n\u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0418. \u0418. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u2014 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432 (1762\u20131831), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b \u0432 1788 \u0433. \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043b\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435, \u0430 \u0432 1790-\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 1803 \u0433. \u0421 1849 \u0433. \u0444\u0438\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0418\u043b\u044c\u0438\u0447 \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432 (1826\u20131889) \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043e\u0434\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5ac9bd58 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"5ac9bd58\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-33d68ee4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-ucaddon_post_list\" data-id=\"33d68ee4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"ucaddon_post_list.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n<!-- start Post List -->\n\t\t<link id='font-awesome-css' href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/plugins\/unlimited-elements-for-elementor-premium\/assets_libraries\/font-awesome6\/fontawesome-all.min.css' type='text\/css' rel='stylesheet' >\n\t\t<link id='font-awesome-4-shim-css' href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/plugins\/unlimited-elements-for-elementor-premium\/assets_libraries\/font-awesome6\/fontawesome-v4-shims.min.css' type='text\/css' rel='stylesheet' >\n\n<style>\/* widget: Post List *\/\n\n\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4{\n  display:grid;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .uc_post_list_image div{\n  background-size:cover;\n  background-position:center;\n}\n\n.uc_post_list .uc_post_list_box{\n\tposition: relative;\n\toverflow: hidden;\n\tdisplay: flex;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .uc_post_list_image{\n  flex-grow:0;\n  flex-shrink:0;\n  overflow: hidden;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .uc_post_list_image img{\n  width:100%;\n  height:100%;\n  display:block;\n  transition:0.3s;  \n}\n\n.uc_post_list_title a{\n\tcolor: #333333;\n    display: block;\n}\n\n.uc_post_list_date{\n\tfont-size: 12px;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .uc_post_list_content{\n  display:flex;\n  flex-direction:column;\n  flex:1;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .uc_more_btn{\n  text-align:center;\n  text-decoration:none;\n  transition:0.3s;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .button-on-side{\n  display:flex;\n  align-items:center;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .ue-grid-item-category{\n  display: flex;\n  align-items: center;\n}\n\n.ue-grid-item-category a{\n  display:inline-block;\n  font-size:10px;\n  text-transform:uppercase;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .ue-meta-data{  \n  display:flex;\n  flex-wrap: wrap;\n  line-height:1em;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .ue-grid-item-meta-data{\n      display:inline-flex;\n      align-items:center;\n}\n\n.ue-grid-item-meta-data{\n  font-size:12px;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .ue-grid-item-meta-data-icon{\n  line-height:1em;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .ue-grid-item-meta-data-icon svg{\n  width:1em;\n  height:1em;\n} \n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .ue-debug-meta{\n  padding:10px;\n  border:1px solid red;\n  position:relative;\n  line-height:1.5em;\n  font-size:11px;\n  width:100%;\n}\n\n.uc-remote-parent .uc_post_list_box{\n\tcursor:pointer;\n}\n\n#uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4 .ue-post-link-overlay{\n  display:block;\n  position:absolute;\n  top:0;\n  bottom:0;\n  right:0;\n  left:0;\n}\n\n\n\n\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"uc_post_list uc-items-wrapper uc-filterable-grid \" id=\"uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4\"  data-ajax='true'  data-filterbehave='ajax'  data-filtergroup='group3'  querydata='{&quot;count_posts&quot;:1,&quot;total_posts&quot;:1,&quot;page&quot;:1,&quot;num_pages&quot;:1,&quot;orderby&quot;:&quot;meta__\\u043d\\u043e\\u043c\\u0435\\u0440__number&quot;,&quot;orderdir&quot;:&quot;asc&quot;}' >    \t\n  <div class=\"uc_post_list_box\" data-category=\"\u0411\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u043c. \u041c. \u0413\u043e\u0440\u044c\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e\">\n  \n  \t    <div class=\"uc_post_list_image\">\n      <a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=9477\" target=\"_self\" title=\"\u0422. 2 : \u041e\u0442 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u2013 [4], 489, [1], II \u0441. \u2013 \u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445.\">\n          \n            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-10-1290x2048.jpg\"  src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-10-1290x2048.jpg\" alt=\"02\" width=\"1290\" height=\"2048\">\n        \t\n        \n      <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n  \t\t\n  \n    <div class=\"uc_post_list_content\">\n      <div class=\"uc_post_list_content_inside\">\n        \n                       \n        <div class=\"uc_post_list_title\"><a target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=9477\" title=\"\u0422. 2 : \u041e\u0442 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u2013 [4], 489, [1], II \u0441. \u2013 \u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445.\">\u0422. 2 : \u041e\u0442 \u041a\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0437\u0438\u043d\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u041f\u0443\u0448\u043a\u0438\u043d\u0430. \u2013 [4], 489, [1], II \u0441. \u2013 \u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445.<\/a><\/div>                 \n        <div class=\"ue-meta-data\">\n                                               \n                                    \n            \n                        \n                        \n            \n              \n          <\/div>         \n                \n                    \n        \n                 \n      <\/div>\n    <\/div>\n     \n       \n  \n   <\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n  <div id=\"uc_post_list_elementor_33d68ee4_empty_message\" class=\"ue-no-posts-found\"  style=\"display:none\" ><\/div>\n\n\n<!-- end Post List -->\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1fa751f8 e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1fa751f8\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d916fbd wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-9339 elementor-widget-wpr-back-to-top\" data-id=\"d916fbd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-back-to-top.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-stt-wrapper\"><div class='wpr-stt-btn' data-settings='{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;animationOffset&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;animationDuration&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;fixed&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;,&quot;scrolAnim&quot;:&quot;800&quot;}'><span class=\"wpr-stt-icon\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.9 289.5l-22.2-22.2c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L207 39c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l194.3 194.3c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L413 289.4c-9.5 9.5-25 9.3-34.3-.4L264 168.6V456c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24h-32c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V168.6L69.2 289.1c-9.3 9.8-24.8 10-34.3.4z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432, \u0410. \u0414. \u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 : \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0423\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044b\u043c \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u041d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0439 \/ \u0441\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0410. \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u2013 2-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434., \u0441 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u2013 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442\u043f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 : \u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0418. \u0418. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430, 1880.\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0435\u044f \u0414\u043c\u0438\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430 (1807\u20131892), \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0430 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0435\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0440\u0430. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0410. \u0414. \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0431\u0438\u044f\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b, \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u0435 XIX \u0432. \u0412 \u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0451\u043c \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0435 \u00ab\u0418\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439\u00bb \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u044f\u0432\u0438\u043b \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u044d\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439\u00bb \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u0411\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0441 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043e\u0439 XVIII \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u043d\u044b XIX \u0432., \u043e\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445 \u043e\u043d \u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0418. \u0418. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430. \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432\u044b \u2014 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0438\u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0446\u0435\u0432 \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439. \u041d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432 (1762\u20131831), \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u043b \u0432 1788 \u0433. \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043b\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0443 \u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435, \u0430 \u0432 1790-\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0432 1803 \u0433. \u0421 1849 \u0433. \u0444\u0438\u0440\u043c\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b \u0418\u0432\u0430\u043d \u0418\u043b\u044c\u0438\u0447 \u0413\u043b\u0430\u0437\u0443\u043d\u043e\u0432 (1826\u20131889) \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e \u0441 \u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u043c. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0438\u043c\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430, 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\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f\u0445.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12664,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"hide_page_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83,1],"tags":[119],"class_list":["post-9474","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-f1","category-1","tag-k9"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9474","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=9474"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9474\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=9474"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=9474"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=9474"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}