{"id":19997,"date":"2025-04-16T09:37:59","date_gmt":"2025-04-16T06:37:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=19997"},"modified":"2025-04-16T09:39:57","modified_gmt":"2025-04-16T06:39:57","slug":"lewicki-a-zarys-historji-polski-anatol-lewicki-opracowal-i-uzupelnil-jan-friedberg-11-e-wydanie-szkolne-warszawa-etc-naklad-gebethnera-i-wolfa-1923-469","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=19997","title":{"rendered":"Lewicki, A. Zarys historji Polski \/ Anatol Lewicki ; opracowal i uzupelnil Jan Friedberg. \u2013 11-e wydanie szkolne. \u2013 Warszawa [etc.] : Nak\u0142ad Gebethnera i Wolfa, 1923. \u2013 469 \u0441."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"19997\" class=\"elementor elementor-19997\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3c6521ff e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3c6521ff\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-440a0f4e elementor-align-left go-back elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8299 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"440a0f4e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a 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data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-774f21a0 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"774f21a0\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f39cabd elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3f39cabd\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a14-4.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" 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\/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2b1588a1 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"2b1588a1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7e573304 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7e573304\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tLewicki, A. Zarys historji Polski \/ Anatol Lewicki ; opracowal i uzupelnil Jan Friedberg. \u2013 11-e wydanie szkolne. \u2013 Warszawa [etc.] : Nak\u0142ad Gebethnera i Wolfa, 1923. \u2013 469 \u0441.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a1a6e23 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"2a1a6e23\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c \u041b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 (\u043f\u043e\u043b. Anatol Lewicki; 1841\u20131899) \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a, \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433.\n<br><br>\n\u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u00ab\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u0440\u044b\u00bb \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u044e \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u00bb (1884) \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u042f\u043d\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430 (\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432 1945-\u043c \u00a0\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435). \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439: \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b.\n<br><br>\n\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 11-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u00bb \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 1923 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u0413\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0410\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u043e\u043c \u0413\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0410\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0420\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0412\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0432 1857 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430; \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u044e\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440.\n<br><br>\n\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0442 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438: \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-71ed281c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"71ed281c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u041a\u041f003226.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-15ade452 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"15ade452\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5e37ba8 wpr-promo-box-style-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-19807 elementor-widget-wpr-promo-box\" data-id=\"5e37ba8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-promo-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box wpr-animation-wrap\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"wpr-promo-box-link\" href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?cat=104\"><\/a>\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-image wpr-bg-anim-none wpr-anim-timing-ease-default\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/\u0411\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.png);\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-overlay wpr-border-anim-oscar\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-340b6c58 e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"340b6c58\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7445fe73 wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-9339 elementor-widget-wpr-back-to-top\" data-id=\"7445fe73\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-back-to-top.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-stt-wrapper\"><div class='wpr-stt-btn' data-settings='{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;animationOffset&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;animationDuration&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;fixed&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;,&quot;scrolAnim&quot;:&quot;800&quot;}'><span class=\"wpr-stt-icon\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.9 289.5l-22.2-22.2c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L207 39c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l194.3 194.3c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L413 289.4c-9.5 9.5-25 9.3-34.3-.4L264 168.6V456c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24h-32c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V168.6L69.2 289.1c-9.3 9.8-24.8 10-34.3.4z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 Lewicki, A. Zarys historji Polski \/ Anatol Lewicki ; opracowal i uzupelnil Jan Friedberg. \u2013 11-e wydanie szkolne. \u2013 Warszawa [etc.] : Nak\u0142ad Gebethnera i Wolfa, 1923. \u2013 469 \u0441.\u0410\u043d\u0430\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c \u041b\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 (\u043f\u043e\u043b. Anatol Lewicki; 1841\u20131899) \u2014 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a, \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u00ab\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u044d\u0440\u044b\u00bb \u0435\u043c\u0443 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0413\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u044b \u0443\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0445 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b. \u0418\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441 \u043d\u0435\u044e \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u00bb (1884) \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0441 \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u042f\u043d\u0430 \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0433\u0430 (\u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0432 1945-\u043c \u00a0\u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435). \u0423\u0447\u0435\u0431\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0437\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u044f\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0438\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0439: \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044b. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 11-\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u00ab\u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u00bb \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0432 1923 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043f\u0440\u0438\u044f\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u00ab\u0413\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0413\u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0410\u0434\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u043e\u043c \u0413\u0435\u0431\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0410\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0420\u043e\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0412\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0412\u0430\u0440\u0448\u0430\u0432\u0435 \u0432 1857 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0443. \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u043a\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430; \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0431\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0448\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0443, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0434\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u044e\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0438, \u0441\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438, \u0440\u044f\u0434 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0433\u0430\u0437\u0435\u0442, \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043c\u0443\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435, \u043d\u043e\u0442\u044b \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0442 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438: \u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0440, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d.\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440: \u041a\u041f003226. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c: \u0418\u0432\u0430\u0446\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a\u043e-\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043c\u0443\u0437\u0435\u0439<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19998,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"hide_page_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[1,104],"tags":[124],"class_list":["post-19997","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-1","category-f22","tag-k14"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19997","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19997"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19997\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19998"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19997"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19997"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19997"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}