{"id":14430,"date":"2025-03-04T09:11:47","date_gmt":"2025-03-04T06:11:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=14430"},"modified":"2025-03-04T09:16:59","modified_gmt":"2025-03-04T06:16:59","slug":"%d1%88%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%b5-%d0%b0-%d0%b3-%d1%86%d0%b0%d1%80%d1%81%d1%82%d0%b2%d0%be%d0%b2%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%bc%d0%b8%d1%85%d0%b0%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%b0-%d1%84%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%be%d1%80%d0%be%d0%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=14430","title":{"rendered":"\u0428\u0438\u043b\u0435, \u0410. \u0413. \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 : [\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \/ \u0410. \u0413. \u0428\u0438\u043b\u0435]. \u2013 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 : \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0433 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u00bb, 1884 (\u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0442-\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u00bb). \u2013 [2], 41 \u0441., [2] \u043b. \u0438\u043b."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"14430\" class=\"elementor elementor-14430\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-415e0309 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"415e0309\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-18913438 elementor-align-left go-back elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8299 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"18913438\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-719ac715 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"719ac715\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\r\n\tlet backBtn = document.querySelector(\".go-back\");\r\n\tbackBtn.addEventListener('click',function(){\r\n\t\twindow.history.back();\r\n\t});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6059bcec e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"6059bcec\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-183e3312 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"183e3312\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-684456e9 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"684456e9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/02-32-scaled.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTQ0MzEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAzXC8wMi0zMi1zY2FsZWQuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1826\" height=\"2560\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/02-32-scaled.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-14431\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/02-32-scaled.jpg 1826w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/02-32-214x300.jpg 214w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/02-32-730x1024.jpg 730w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/02-32-768x1077.jpg 768w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/02-32-1095x1536.jpg 1095w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/02-32-1461x2048.jpg 1461w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1826px) 100vw, 1826px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-740f516a gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"740f516a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-14430 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"740f516a\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTQ0MzQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAzXC8wMS0zNy1zY2FsZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiNzQwZjUxNmEifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/01-37-scaled.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/01-37-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"740f516a\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTQ0MzUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAzXC8wMy0yMC1zY2FsZWQuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiNzQwZjUxNmEifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/03-20-scaled.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/03-20-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-cc3255f e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"cc3255f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-79e0e38f elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"79e0e38f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0428\u0438\u043b\u0435, \u0410. \u0413. \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 : [\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \/ \u0410. \u0413. \u0428\u0438\u043b\u0435]. \u2013 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 : \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0433 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u00bb, 1884 (\u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0442-\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u00bb). \u2013 [2], 41 \u0441., [2] \u043b. \u0438\u043b.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1d6f2f19 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1d6f2f19\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0410\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0438\u0434\u044b \u0413\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b \u0428\u0438\u043b\u0435 (1842\u20131919). \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 1913 \u0433.\n<br><br>\n\u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0433 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u00bb, \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 (\u0442. \u0435. \u00ab\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u00bb), \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441 1867 \u043f\u043e 1914 \u0433. \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435.\n<br><br>\n\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u00bb, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435 \u0432 1860 \u0433. \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044e\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b, \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.\n<br><br>\n \t\u042d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0442\u0435: \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0435\u0432\u0430\u044f \u043a\u043e\u0436\u0430, \u0434\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430, \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d. \u0421\u043e\u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c79386c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"c79386c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443: 18.09.1946.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5077f86a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5077f86a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440: 32246\u0420\u0424.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-49c903f1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"49c903f1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-509667a0 wpr-promo-box-style-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8126 elementor-widget-wpr-promo-box\" data-id=\"509667a0\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-promo-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box wpr-animation-wrap\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"wpr-promo-box-link\" href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?cat=83\"><\/a>\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-image wpr-bg-anim-none wpr-anim-timing-ease-default\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0411\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.jpg);\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-overlay wpr-border-anim-oscar\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-775ac85c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"775ac85c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438:\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26da6f27 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"26da6f27\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5a04822f elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"5a04822f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-13.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTQ0MzYsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAzXC9cdTA0MjBcdTA0MzhcdTA0NDFcdTA0NDNcdTA0M2RcdTA0M2VcdTA0M2ExLTEzLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"515\" height=\"348\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-13.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-14436\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-13.jpg 515w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-13-300x203.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 515px) 100vw, 515px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-243da154 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"243da154\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0428\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043f, \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, 34\u044555, \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0435: \u00ab\u041c\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f | \u041f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 | [\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440.] \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u2026 | \u0421\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043c\u0430\u0442. \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u2026 | \u041f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434. \u2116\u2026\u00bb.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c84044f e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"c84044f\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-c673f35 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"c673f35\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2-4.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTQ0MzcsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAzXC9cdTA0MjBcdTA0MzhcdTA0NDFcdTA0NDNcdTA0M2RcdTA0M2VcdTA0M2EyLTQuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"604\" height=\"463\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2-4.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-14437\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2-4.jpg 604w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a2-4-300x230.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 604px) 100vw, 604px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d57821a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d57821a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0428\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043f, \u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, 19\u044531, \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0435 (\u043d\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0447\u0438\u0432\u043e): \u00ab\u2026 | \u0411\u0418\u0411\u041b\u0418\u041e\u0422\u0415\u041a\u0410 | \u0414\u0423\u0425\u041e\u0412\u041d\u041e\u0419 \u2026\u00bb. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-350a911c e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"350a911c\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7685c82c wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-9339 elementor-widget-wpr-back-to-top\" data-id=\"7685c82c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-back-to-top.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-stt-wrapper\"><div class='wpr-stt-btn' data-settings='{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;animationOffset&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;animationDuration&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;fixed&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;,&quot;scrolAnim&quot;:&quot;800&quot;}'><span class=\"wpr-stt-icon\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.9 289.5l-22.2-22.2c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L207 39c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l194.3 194.3c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L413 289.4c-9.5 9.5-25 9.3-34.3-.4L264 168.6V456c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24h-32c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V168.6L69.2 289.1c-9.3 9.8-24.8 10-34.3.4z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u0428\u0438\u043b\u0435, \u0410. \u0413. \u0426\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b\u0430 \u0424\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0430 : [\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \/ \u0410. \u0413. \u0428\u0438\u043b\u0435]. \u2013 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 : \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0433 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u00bb, 1884 (\u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0442-\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u00bb). \u2013 [2], 41 \u0441., [2] \u043b. \u0438\u043b.\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0441\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0410\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0438\u0434\u044b \u0413\u0430\u0432\u0440\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b \u0428\u0438\u043b\u0435 (1842\u20131919). \u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u0443\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044e 1913 \u0433. \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u0414\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0433 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e\u00bb, \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0438\u0437\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432 (\u0442. \u0435. \u00ab\u0441\u043e\u043b\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u00bb), \u0432\u044b\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0432\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0441 1867 \u043f\u043e 1914 \u0433. \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435. \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u0442\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u041e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u00bb, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0421\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0442-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435 \u0432 1860 \u0433. \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0443\u043a\u0430\u043c, \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u044e\u043d\u043e\u0448\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u0441\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u044b, \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u042d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440 \u0432 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\u2026\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14431,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"hide_page_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83,1],"tags":[121],"class_list":["post-14430","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-f1","category-1","tag-k11"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14430","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=14430"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14430\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14431"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=14430"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=14430"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=14430"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}