{"id":12860,"date":"2025-02-24T14:12:37","date_gmt":"2025-02-24T11:12:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=12860"},"modified":"2025-07-10T12:03:17","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T09:03:17","slug":"%d0%be%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%80%d0%ba%d0%b8-%d0%bf%d0%be-%d0%b8%d1%81%d1%82%d0%be%d1%80%d0%b8%d0%b8-%d0%bf%d0%b5%d0%b4%d0%b0%d0%b3%d0%be%d0%b3%d0%b8%d1%87%d0%b5%d1%81%d0%ba%d0%b8%d1%85-%d1%83%d1%87%d0%b5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=12860","title":{"rendered":"\u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 : \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435 \/ \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438: \u0412. \u0412. \u0423\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 [\u0438 \u0434\u0440.]. \u2013 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 : \u00ab\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u00bb \u0412. \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u041a\u043e, 1911. \u2013 229, [1] \u0441. \u2013 (\u041f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0412\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0435 \u0438 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435 \/ \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0410. \u041f. \u041d\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430)."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"12860\" class=\"elementor elementor-12860\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fd68808 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5fd68808\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68e396e3 elementor-align-left go-back elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8299 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"68e396e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5da82c04 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"5da82c04\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\r\n\tlet backBtn = document.querySelector(\".go-back\");\r\n\tbackBtn.addEventListener('click',function(){\r\n\t\twindow.history.back();\r\n\t});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d7e5d6b e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7d7e5d6b\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4a018f4c e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4a018f4c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-53885367 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"53885367\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-195.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI4NjEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMi0xOTUuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2772\" height=\"3698\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-195.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12861\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-195.jpg 2772w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-195-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-195-768x1025.jpg 768w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-195-1151x1536.jpg 1151w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-195-1535x2048.jpg 1535w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2772px) 100vw, 2772px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2529fb52 gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"2529fb52\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-12860 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"2529fb52\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI4NjQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMS0yMzMuanBnIiwic2xpZGVzaG93IjoiMjUyOWZiNTIifQ%3D%3D\" href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/01-233.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/01-233-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4fe92550 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4fe92550\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3f0a3c7a elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"3f0a3c7a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 : \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435 \/ \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438: \u0412. \u0412. \u0423\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 [\u0438 \u0434\u0440.]. \u2013 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 : \u00ab\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u00bb \u0412. \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u041a\u043e, 1911. \u2013 229, [1] \u0441. \u2013 (\u041f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0412\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0435 \u0438 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435 \/ \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0410. \u041f. \u041d\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430). \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34b4013d elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"34b4013d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u0412 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0448\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433 \u0418\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043d \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0440\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0446\u0446\u0438, \u0447\u0435\u0448\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433 \u042f\u043d \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444 \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0438 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0416\u0430\u043d-\u0416\u0430\u043a \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043e, \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433-\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043a \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0445 \u0410\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444, \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433 \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0445 \u0424\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0421\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u0434\u0440.\n<br><br>\n\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u00ab\u201e\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u201c \u0412. \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u041a\u00b0\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435 \u0432 1906 \u0433. \u0412. \u041c. \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c (1886\u20131972), \u0432 1915 \u0433. \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u00ab\u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u00bb, \u0432 1918 \u0433. \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e. \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430.\n<br><br>\n\u042d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0442\u0435, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36862678 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"36862678\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443: 12.05.2023.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-14b373f4 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"14b373f4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440: 1\u0420\u0424272639. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-311132ba elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"311132ba\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7d7c9c7f wpr-promo-box-style-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8126 elementor-widget-wpr-promo-box\" data-id=\"7d7c9c7f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-promo-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box wpr-animation-wrap\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"wpr-promo-box-link\" href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?cat=83\"><\/a>\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-image wpr-bg-anim-none wpr-anim-timing-ease-default\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0411\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.jpg);\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-overlay wpr-border-anim-oscar\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7864b258 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"7864b258\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438:\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44e11c73 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"44e11c73\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f8c1f41 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f8c1f41\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-42.png\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTI4NjUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC9cdTA0MjBcdTA0MzhcdTA0NDFcdTA0NDNcdTA0M2RcdTA0M2VcdTA0M2ExLTQyLnBuZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"227\" height=\"129\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-42.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-12865\" alt=\"\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1c2fdaec elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1c2fdaec\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0428\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043f, \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, 16\u044536, \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0435: \u00ab\u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f | \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0434. | \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u00bb.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ad2672d e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"7ad2672d\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-206b0410 wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-9339 elementor-widget-wpr-back-to-top\" data-id=\"206b0410\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-back-to-top.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-stt-wrapper\"><div class='wpr-stt-btn' data-settings='{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;animationOffset&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;animationDuration&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;fixed&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;,&quot;scrolAnim&quot;:&quot;800&quot;}'><span class=\"wpr-stt-icon\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.9 289.5l-22.2-22.2c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L207 39c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l194.3 194.3c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L413 289.4c-9.5 9.5-25 9.3-34.3-.4L264 168.6V456c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24h-32c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V168.6L69.2 289.1c-9.3 9.8-24.8 10-34.3.4z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u041e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 : \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0435 \/ \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u0438: \u0412. \u0412. \u0423\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 [\u0438 \u0434\u0440.]. \u2013 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 : \u00ab\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u00bb \u0412. \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u041a\u043e, 1911. \u2013 229, [1] \u0441. \u2013 (\u041f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043d\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f\u0445. \u0412\u043e\u0441\u043f\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u044c\u0435 \u0438 \u0448\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435 \/ \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0410. \u041f. \u041d\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432\u0430). \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434 \u0440\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0451\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0443\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u0430\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043c\u0438\u0440\u0430 \u0438 \u0434\u043e \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0430 XIX \u0432\u0435\u043a\u0430. \u0412 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0448\u0432\u0435\u0439\u0446\u0430\u0440\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433 \u0418\u043e\u0433\u0430\u043d\u043d \u0413\u0435\u043d\u0440\u0438\u0445 \u041f\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0446\u0446\u0438, \u0447\u0435\u0448\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433 \u042f\u043d \u041a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439, \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444 \u0438 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u0438 \u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0416\u0430\u043d-\u0416\u0430\u043a \u0420\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043e, \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433-\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u043a \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0445 \u0410\u0432\u0433\u0443\u0441\u0442 \u0412\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0444, \u043d\u0435\u043c\u0435\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0433 \u0424\u0440\u0438\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0445 \u0424\u0440\u0435\u0431\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0430\u043d\u0433\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0444\u0438\u043b\u043e\u0441\u043e\u0444 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u0413\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0435\u0440\u0442 \u0421\u043f\u0435\u043d\u0441\u0435\u0440 \u0438 \u0434\u0440. \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u00ab\u201e\u041f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0430\u201c \u0412. \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043a \u0438 \u041a\u00b0\u00bb, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0435 \u0432 1906 \u0433. \u0412. \u041c. \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c (1886\u20131972), \u0432 1915 \u0433. \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u00ab\u0423\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u00bb, \u0432 1918 \u0433. \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e. \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u0430\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0443\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043a\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430. \u042d\u043a\u0437\u0435\u043c\u043f\u043b\u044f\u0440 \u0432 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u043e\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0442\u0435, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043b\u0435\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0440\u0438\u0433\u0438\u043d\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0436\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430.\u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443: 12.05.2023.\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440: 1\u0420\u0424272639. \u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c: \u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438: \u0428\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043f, \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, 16\u044536, \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0435: \u00ab\u0420\u0435\u0441\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f | \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u043e-\u043f\u0435\u0434. | \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12861,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"hide_page_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83,1],"tags":[140],"class_list":["post-12860","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-f1","category-1","tag-k26"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12860","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12860"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12860\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12861"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12860"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12860"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12860"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}