{"id":10531,"date":"2025-02-11T17:07:12","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T14:07:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=10531"},"modified":"2025-07-10T14:08:43","modified_gmt":"2025-07-10T11:08:43","slug":"%d0%b1%d1%80%d0%be%d1%9e%d0%ba%d0%b0-%d0%bf-%d1%82%d0%b0%d0%ba-%d0%bf%d0%b0%d1%87%d1%8b%d0%bd%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b0%d1%81%d1%8f-%d0%bc%d0%b0%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b4%d0%be%d1%81%d1%86%d1%8c-%d0%bf%d0%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=10531","title":{"rendered":"\u0411\u0440\u043e\u045e\u043a\u0430, \u041f. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0447\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0446\u044c : \u043f\u0430\u044d\u043c\u0430 \/ \u041f\u044f\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0441\u044c \u0411\u0440\u043e\u045e\u043a\u0430. \u2013 \u041c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a [\u041c\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a] : \u0414\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456, \u041b\u0456\u041c, 1934. \u2013 60, [2] \u0441."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10531\" class=\"elementor elementor-10531\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-161895e6 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"161895e6\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72e51aea elementor-align-left go-back elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8299 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"72e51aea\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-683a8cf6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"683a8cf6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\r\n\tlet backBtn = document.querySelector(\".go-back\");\r\n\tbackBtn.addEventListener('click',function(){\r\n\t\twindow.history.back();\r\n\t});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30fe3a7f e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"30fe3a7f\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-44d88c8 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"44d88c8\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f995c43 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"f995c43\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-80.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTA1MzIsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMi04MC5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3371\" height=\"4493\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-80.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10532\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-80.jpg 3371w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-80-225x300.jpg 225w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-80-768x1024.jpg 768w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-80-1152x1536.jpg 1152w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-80-1537x2048.jpg 1537w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3371px) 100vw, 3371px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-56243d83 gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"56243d83\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-10531 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"56243d83\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTA1MzUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMS05MS5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI1NjI0M2Q4MyJ9\" href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/01-91.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/01-91-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4df67d5c e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"4df67d5c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-449a5613 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"449a5613\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0411\u0440\u043e\u045e\u043a\u0430, \u041f. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0447\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0446\u044c : \u043f\u0430\u044d\u043c\u0430 \/ \u041f\u044f\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0441\u044c \u0411\u0440\u043e\u045e\u043a\u0430. \u2013 \u041c\u0435\u043d\u0441\u043a [\u041c\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a] : \u0414\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456, \u041b\u0456\u041c, 1934. \u2013 60, [2] \u0441.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6aa8b7e6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6aa8b7e6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u2014 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0411\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 (1905\u20131980) \u2014 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442 \u0411\u0421\u0421\u0420 (1962), \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043a \u0410\u041d \u0411\u0421\u0421\u0420 (1966), \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430 (1972).<br><br>\n\u041f\u043e\u044d\u043c\u0430 \u00ab\u0422\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0447\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0446\u044c\u00bb \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 1930-\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0431\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435\u0432, \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0421 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0451\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0435\u0451 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438 \u2014 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b, \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0421 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b, \u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442.<Br><br>\n\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432 1921 \u0433. \u0432 \u041c\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0413\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0411\u0421\u0421\u0420. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u044f\u0434\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 1924 \u0433. \u2014 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0441\u0443\u0434\u0430\u0440\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e. \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u0438 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0433\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0441\u0435\u0442\u044c. \u0417\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0432\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0432 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u0432, \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043e\u0437\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432. \u0412 \u043e\u043a\u0442\u044f\u0431\u0440\u0435 1929 \u0433. \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0447\u0435\u0442\u044b\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043f\u0435\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0437\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0438 (\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430), \u0432 \u0442\u043e\u043c \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u044b.<br><br>\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430.<br><br>\n\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0430\u0436\u0435. \n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5d866676 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5d866676\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443: 05.07.2021.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-68d7112c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"68d7112c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440: 1\u0420\u0424258850.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-36202061 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"36202061\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2d201363 wpr-promo-box-style-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8126 elementor-widget-wpr-promo-box\" data-id=\"2d201363\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-promo-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box wpr-animation-wrap\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"wpr-promo-box-link\" href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?cat=83\"><\/a>\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-image wpr-bg-anim-none wpr-anim-timing-ease-default\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0411\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.jpg);\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-overlay wpr-border-anim-oscar\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-72ae6194 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"72ae6194\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438:\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6d99cb61 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6d99cb61\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-314ed7 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"314ed7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-21.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTA1MzYsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC9cdTA0MjBcdTA0MzhcdTA0NDFcdTA0NDNcdTA0M2RcdTA0M2VcdTA0M2ExLTIxLmpwZyJ9\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"479\" height=\"494\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-21.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10536\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-21.jpg 479w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/\u0420\u0438\u0441\u0443\u043d\u043e\u043a1-21-291x300.jpg 291w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 479px) 100vw, 479px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-305329b1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"305329b1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0428\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043f, \u043a\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043b\u044b\u0439, 30, \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0435: \u00ab\u0425\u0410\u0420\u042c\u041a\u0406\u0412\u0421\u042c\u041a\u0410 \u0414\u0415\u0420\u0416. \u0411\u0406\u0411\u041b\u0406\u041e\u0422\u0415\u041a\u0410 | \u0456\u043c. \u0412. \u0413. | \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430\u00bb.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-10b24380 e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"10b24380\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fc5ba37 wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-9339 elementor-widget-wpr-back-to-top\" data-id=\"6fc5ba37\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-back-to-top.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-stt-wrapper\"><div class='wpr-stt-btn' data-settings='{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;animationOffset&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;animationDuration&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;fixed&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;,&quot;scrolAnim&quot;:&quot;800&quot;}'><span class=\"wpr-stt-icon\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.9 289.5l-22.2-22.2c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L207 39c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l194.3 194.3c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L413 289.4c-9.5 9.5-25 9.3-34.3-.4L264 168.6V456c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24h-32c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V168.6L69.2 289.1c-9.3 9.8-24.8 10-34.3.4z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u0411\u0440\u043e\u045e\u043a\u0430, \u041f. \u0422\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0447\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0446\u044c : \u043f\u0430\u044d\u043c\u0430 \/ \u041f\u044f\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0441\u044c \u0411\u0440\u043e\u045e\u043a\u0430. \u2013 \u041c\u0456\u043d\u0441\u043a : \u0414\u0437\u044f\u0440\u0436\u0430\u045e\u043d\u0430\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0446\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0411\u0435\u043b\u0430\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0456. \u041b\u0456\u041c, 1934. \u2013 60, [2] \u0441.\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u2014 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0440 \u0423\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u0411\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043a\u0430 (1905\u20131980) \u2014 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a, \u0434\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0433, \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442 \u0411\u0421\u0421\u0420 (1962), \u0430\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043c\u0438\u043a \u0410\u041d \u0411\u0421\u0421\u0420 (1966), \u0437\u0430\u0441\u043b\u0443\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0432, \u0413\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0421\u043e\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0422\u0440\u0443\u0434\u0430 (1972). \u041f\u043e\u044d\u043c\u0430 \u00ab\u0422\u0430\u043a \u043f\u0430\u0447\u044b\u043d\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044f \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0434\u043e\u0441\u0446\u044c\u00bb \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u0432 1930-\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u043e\u0440\u044c\u0431\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0441\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u0435\u0432, \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b\u0445 \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0449\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432 \u0441 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u043a\u0443\u043f\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438-\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u0421 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u0435\u0442 \u0434\u0443\u0445\u0443 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0442\u044f\u0436\u0451\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438, \u0435\u0451 \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438 \u2014 \u0443\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0451\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0446\u044b \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u043c\u0443\u043d\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b, \u0433\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c\u044e \u0440\u0430\u0434\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0445 \u0438\u0434\u0435\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432. \u0421 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u044b, \u0433\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u044d\u043c\u044b \u043c\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0434\u044b, \u0431\u0435\u0441\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043d\u044b \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0432\u043d\u044b, \u0438\u0445 \u0447\u0443\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0433\u043b\u0443\u0431\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0438\u0441\u043a\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438. \u0418\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443, \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438\u043c \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0436\u0438\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442. \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435, 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\u041a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u0430\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10532,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"hide_page_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83,1],"tags":[126],"class_list":["post-10531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-f1","category-1","tag-k16"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10531","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10531"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10531\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10532"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10531"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10531"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10531"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}