{"id":10173,"date":"2025-02-11T11:43:18","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T08:43:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=10173"},"modified":"2025-07-09T16:13:44","modified_gmt":"2025-07-09T13:13:44","slug":"%d1%8d%d0%bd%d0%b3%d0%b5%d0%bb%d1%8c%d0%b3%d0%b0%d1%80%d0%b4%d1%82-%d0%bc-%d0%b0-%d0%bb%d0%b0%d0%b2%d1%83%d0%b0%d0%b7%d1%8c%d0%b5-%d0%b5%d0%b3%d0%be-%d0%b6%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%bd%d1%8c-%d0%b8-%d0%bd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=10173","title":{"rendered":"\u042d\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0442, \u041c. \u0410. \u041b\u0430\u0432\u0443\u0430\u0437\u044c\u0435, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c : \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u041b\u0430\u0432\u0443\u0430\u0437\u044c\u0435, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432 \u041b\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0413\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \/ \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \u041c.\u00a0\u0410.\u00a0\u042d\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0442\u0430. \u2013 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 : \u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0410. \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0435\u043b\u044c, 1891. \u2013 79, [1] \u0441. \u2013 (\u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 : \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0424. \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 ; [\u0432\u044b\u043f.\u00a056]). \u2013 \u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f: \u0441. [2]."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10173\" class=\"elementor elementor-10173\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cfd1d98 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3cfd1d98\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-67df4ef3 elementor-align-left go-back elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8299 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"67df4ef3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1399a70d elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"1399a70d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\r\n\tlet backBtn = document.querySelector(\".go-back\");\r\n\tbackBtn.addEventListener('click',function(){\r\n\t\twindow.history.back();\r\n\t});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-52386068 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"52386068\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dcfbaf1 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3dcfbaf1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-24717132 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"24717132\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-35.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAxNzQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMy0zNS5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3101\" height=\"4454\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-35.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10174\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-35.jpg 3101w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-35-209x300.jpg 209w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-35-713x1024.jpg 713w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-35-768x1103.jpg 768w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-35-1069x1536.jpg 1069w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-35-1426x2048.jpg 1426w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3101px) 100vw, 3101px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6fc724ca gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"6fc724ca\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-10173 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"6fc724ca\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAxNzcsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMS03MC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiI2ZmM3MjRjYSJ9\" href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/01-70.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/01-70-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"6fc724ca\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAxNzgsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wNC03LmpwZyIsInNsaWRlc2hvdyI6IjZmYzcyNGNhIn0%3D\" href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/04-7.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/04-7-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-781c008c e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"781c008c\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-8958b7c elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"8958b7c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u042d\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0442, \u041c. \u0410. \u041b\u0430\u0432\u0443\u0430\u0437\u044c\u0435, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c : \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u041b\u0430\u0432\u0443\u0430\u0437\u044c\u0435, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432 \u041b\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0413\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \/ \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \u041c. \u0410. \u042d\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0442\u0430. \u2013 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 : \u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0410. \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0435\u043b\u044c, 1891. \u2013 79, [1] \u0441. \u2013 (\u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 : \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0424. \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 ; [\u0432\u044b\u043f. 56]). \u2013 \u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f: \u0441. [2].\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-703fb675 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"703fb675\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u00ab\u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u00bb, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0432 1890 \u0433. \u0424\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0424\u0451\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c (1839\u20131900), \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c.\n<br><br>\n\u00ab\u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u00bb (\u00ab\u0416\u0417\u041b\u00bb) \u2014 \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e-\u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433, \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0430 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0443\u044e \u0430\u0443\u0434\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u044e. \u041f\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0441\u043b\u0443 \u0424. \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u00ab\u0416\u0417\u041b\u00bb \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u00ab\u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u0441 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0441\u044f \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u044d\u043f\u043e\u0445\u00bb. \u041f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f, \u043e\u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0432 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0446\u0435 \u0430\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043b\u044f \u2013 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u044f 1890 \u0433., \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0449\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0418\u0433\u043d\u0430\u0442\u0438\u044e \u041b\u043e\u0439\u043e\u043b\u0435. \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0451\u043c\u0443 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 25 \u043a\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0435\u043a (\u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0447\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0433\u0438\u043c\u043d\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432), \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0451\u043c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c. \u041f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0442\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0432 1900 \u0433. \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f, \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f 200 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0439, \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0434\u0443\u0448\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u043a\u0438 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e 1924 \u0433.\n<br><br>\n\u0412 1930-\u0445 \u0433\u0433. \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f \u00ab\u0416\u0417\u041b\u00bb \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0432\u043e\u0437\u043e\u0431\u043d\u043e\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u041c. \u0413\u043e\u0440\u044c\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440.\n<br><br>\n\u0410\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u2014 \u041c\u0438\u0445\u0430\u0438\u043b \u0410\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447 \u042d\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0442 (1861\u20131915) \u2014 \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0438\u043a, \u043f\u0443\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u0441\u043e\u0446\u0438\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0433. \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u043e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0438 \u0438 \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0410\u043d\u0442\u0443\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u041b\u0430\u0432\u0443\u0430\u0437\u044c\u0435 (1743\u20131794), \u0444\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043f\u044b\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0445\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0438.\n<br><br>\n\u041f\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438.\n<br><br>\n\u0424\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0442 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u2014 17,5\u044511,5 \u0441\u043c. \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u043a\u043e\u0436\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0442\u0435 \u0441 \u0431\u043b\u0438\u043d\u0442\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c \u0442\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0438 \u0442\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0447\u0451\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0439.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-374b17e5 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"374b17e5\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443: 11.11.1946.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-77c9a6a9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"77c9a6a9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440: 32494\u0420\u0424.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-202874ef elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"202874ef\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-445236db wpr-promo-box-style-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8126 elementor-widget-wpr-promo-box\" data-id=\"445236db\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-promo-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box wpr-animation-wrap\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"wpr-promo-box-link\" href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?cat=83\"><\/a>\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-image wpr-bg-anim-none wpr-anim-timing-ease-default\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0411\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.jpg);\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-overlay wpr-border-anim-oscar\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5542bfa9 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"5542bfa9\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438:\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-f7fb01a e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"f7fb01a\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-26b067b8 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"26b067b8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-63.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAxNzksInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMi02My5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1186\" height=\"1698\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-63.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10179\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-63.jpg 1186w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-63-210x300.jpg 210w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-63-715x1024.jpg 715w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-63-768x1100.jpg 768w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-63-1073x1536.jpg 1073w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1186px) 100vw, 1186px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-62af8fa2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"62af8fa2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0428\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043f, \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, 65\u044538, \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u043e\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0435: \u00ab\u041c\u041e\u0413\u0418\u041b\u0415\u0412\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0415 | \u0410\u041b\u0415\u041a\u0421\u0410\u041d\u0414\u0420\u041e\u0412\u0421\u041a\u041e\u0415 | \u0420\u0415\u0410\u041b\u042c\u041d\u041e\u0415 \u0423\u0427\u0418\u041b\u0418\u0429\u0415 | \u0424\u0423\u041d\u0414. \u0411\u0418\u0411\u041b. | \u0428\u043a. \u2026 | \u041f\u043e\u043b. \u2026 | \u2116 \u043a\u0430\u0442. \u2026 | \u2116 \u0438\u043d\u0432. \u2026\u00bb.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3e9030d0 e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3e9030d0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-34306501 wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-9339 elementor-widget-wpr-back-to-top\" data-id=\"34306501\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-back-to-top.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-stt-wrapper\"><div class='wpr-stt-btn' data-settings='{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;animationOffset&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;animationDuration&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;fixed&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;,&quot;scrolAnim&quot;:&quot;800&quot;}'><span class=\"wpr-stt-icon\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.9 289.5l-22.2-22.2c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L207 39c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l194.3 194.3c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L413 289.4c-9.5 9.5-25 9.3-34.3-.4L264 168.6V456c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24h-32c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V168.6L69.2 289.1c-9.3 9.8-24.8 10-34.3.4z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u042d\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0442, \u041c. \u0410. \u041b\u0430\u0432\u0443\u0430\u0437\u044c\u0435, \u0435\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0438 \u043d\u0430\u0443\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0434\u0435\u044f\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c : \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043c \u041b\u0430\u0432\u0443\u0430\u0437\u044c\u0435, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0432 \u041b\u0435\u0439\u043f\u0446\u0438\u0433\u0435 \u0413\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e\u043c \/ \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0440\u043a \u041c. \u0410. \u042d\u043d\u0433\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0433\u0430\u0440\u0434\u0442\u0430. \u2013 \u0421.-\u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433 : \u0422\u0438\u043f\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0438 \u043b\u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f \u0410. \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0448\u0435\u043b\u044c, 1891. \u2013 79, [1] \u0441. \u2013 (\u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439 : \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0430 \u0424. \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u0430 ; [\u0432\u044b\u043f. 56]). \u2013 \u0411\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u044f: \u0441. [2].\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u044b\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439\u0441\u044f \u0441\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438 \u00ab\u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439\u00bb, \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432 \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438 \u0432 1890 \u0433. \u0424\u043b\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0435\u043c \u0424\u0451\u0434\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043c \u041f\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0432\u044b\u043c (1839\u20131900), \u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c, \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c. \u00ab\u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u044c 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