{"id":10050,"date":"2025-02-11T10:28:51","date_gmt":"2025-02-11T07:28:51","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=10050"},"modified":"2025-02-11T10:39:37","modified_gmt":"2025-02-11T07:39:37","slug":"%d1%81%d0%b2%d0%b5%d1%82%d0%be%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b9-%d1%82%d1%80%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%ba%d0%b2%d0%b8%d0%bb%d0%bb-%d0%b3-%d0%b6%d0%b8%d0%b7%d0%bd%d0%b5%d0%be%d0%bf%d0%b8%d1%81%d0%b0%d0%bd%d0%b8%d0%b5-%d0%b4","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?p=10050","title":{"rendered":"\u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b, \u0413. \u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439 \/ \u0413\u0430\u0439 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b ; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0414. \u041f. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e ; \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u0434\u0440. \u041f\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e ; [\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440-\u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0440\u044b \u0428\u043e\u0440]. \u2013 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 ; \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 : Academia, 1933 (\u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438: M.CM.XXXIII). \u2013 637, [3] \u0441. \u2013 (\u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \/ \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0410.\u00a0\u041c.\u00a0\u041c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e). \u2013 \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d: \u0441. 599\u2013626. \u2013 \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0441. 627\u2013637."},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"10050\" class=\"elementor elementor-10050\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c73d057 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"2c73d057\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ec18760 elementor-align-left go-back elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8299 elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"7ec18760\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5fdab2e3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"5fdab2e3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\r\n\tlet backBtn = document.querySelector(\".go-back\");\r\n\tbackBtn.addEventListener('click',function(){\r\n\t\twindow.history.back();\r\n\t});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1a45aac7 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"1a45aac7\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3dd4980a e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"3dd4980a\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2c46fb4c elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"2c46fb4c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-53.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAwNTEsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMi01My5qcGcifQ%3D%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2172\" height=\"2921\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-53.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10051\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-53.jpg 2172w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-53-223x300.jpg 223w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-53-761x1024.jpg 761w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-53-768x1033.jpg 768w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-53-1142x1536.jpg 1142w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-53-1523x2048.jpg 1523w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2172px) 100vw, 2172px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-257f541e gallery-spacing-custom elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image-gallery\" data-id=\"257f541e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image-gallery.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-image-gallery\">\n\t\t\t<div id='gallery-1' class='gallery galleryid-10050 gallery-columns-3 gallery-size-thumbnail'><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"257f541e\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAwNTQsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMS01OC5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiIyNTdmNTQxZSJ9\" href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/01-58.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/01-58-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure><figure class='gallery-item'>\n\t\t\t<div class='gallery-icon portrait'>\n\t\t\t\t<a data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-elementor-lightbox-slideshow=\"257f541e\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAwNTUsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMy0zMy5qcGciLCJzbGlkZXNob3ciOiIyNTdmNTQxZSJ9\" href='https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-33.jpg'><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/03-33-150x150.jpg\" class=\"attachment-thumbnail size-thumbnail\" alt=\"\" \/><\/a>\n\t\t\t<\/div><\/figure>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-662ec224 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"662ec224\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-660721ac elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"660721ac\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b, \u0413. \u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439 \/ \u0413\u0430\u0439 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b ; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0414. \u041f. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e ; \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u0434\u0440. \u041f\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e ; [\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440-\u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0440\u044b \u0428\u043e\u0440]. \u2013 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 ; \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 : Academia, 1933 (\u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438: M.CM.XXXIII). \u2013 637, [3] \u0441. \u2013 (\u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \/ \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0446\u0438\u0435\u0439 \u0410. \u041c. \u041c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0446\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e). \u2013 \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d: \u0441. 599\u2013626. \u2013 \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0433\u0435\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439: \u0441. 627\u2013637.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f9f30f6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f9f30f6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0413\u0430\u0439 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b (\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 70 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d. \u044d. \u2013 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 122 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u0430 \u043d. \u044d.) \u2014 \u0434\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u0435\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c, \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043a, \u0443\u0447\u0451\u043d\u044b\u0439-\u044d\u043d\u0446\u0438\u043a\u043b\u043e\u043f\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u0442, \u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0435\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044c \u0438\u043c\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u0430 \u0410\u0434\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d \u0441\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0439 \u00ab\u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439\u00bb, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u044f\u0437\u044b\u043a\u0435.<br><br>\n \t\u0421\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0438\u043a \u0432\u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u0413\u0430\u044f \u042e\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0426\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0440\u044f (100\u201344 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0434\u043e \u043d. \u044d.) \u0434\u043e \u0414\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 (51\u201396 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043d. \u044d.).<br><br>\n\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 ACADEMIA, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438. \u0418\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e ACADEMIA \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0432 1921 \u0433. \u0432 \u041f\u0435\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0431\u0443\u0440\u0433\u0435 \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0430\u043b\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0433\u043e 17 \u043b\u0435\u0442 (\u0437\u0430\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u043e \u0432 1937 \u0433.). \u042d\u0442\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043b\u0443\u0447\u0448\u0435\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u0421\u0421\u0421\u0420 \u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438. \u0421 \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043a\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b, \u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0438. \u041f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0435\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043c \u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430, \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430 \u0432 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0443, \u0431\u044b\u043b \u041c\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u043c \u0413\u043e\u0440\u044c\u043a\u0438\u0439. \u041d\u0435\u043e\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u043c \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u043f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0438 \u0431\u0443\u043c\u0430\u0433\u0430. <br><br>\n\u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0432\u043e\u043c \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0442\u0435. \u041d\u0430 \u0432\u0435\u0440\u0445\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0440\u044b\u0448\u043a\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0442\u0438\u0441\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0438\u0437\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0444\u0438\u043b\u044f \u0413\u0430\u044f \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0430. \u0417\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0451\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0440\u044b \u041c\u0430\u0440\u043a\u043e\u0432\u043d\u044b \u0428\u043e\u0440 (1897\u20131981), \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0446\u0430, \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u043a\u0430, \u0442\u0435\u0430\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0445\u0443\u0434\u043e\u0436\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1f8cce28 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"1f8cce28\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0414\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0431\u0438\u0431\u043b\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0443: 16.02.2017.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23191463 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"23191463\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0418\u043d\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440: 1\u0420\u0424223832.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dac8a53 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"dac8a53\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h5 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">\u0424\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c:<\/h5>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7ed2e011 wpr-promo-box-style-cover elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-8126 elementor-widget-wpr-promo-box\" data-id=\"7ed2e011\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-promo-box.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box wpr-animation-wrap\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"wpr-promo-box-link\" href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/?cat=83\"><\/a>\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-image\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-image wpr-bg-anim-none wpr-anim-timing-ease-default\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/\u0411\u0430\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0440-\u0444\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u0434\u0435\u0440\u0436\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f.jpg);\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-bg-overlay wpr-border-anim-oscar\"><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-promo-box-content\">\n\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-21c9e229 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"21c9e229\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0412\u043b\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u043a\u043d\u0438\u0436\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043a\u0438:\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c9765c1 e-con-full e-flex wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-child\" data-id=\"6c9765c1\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-17207cdf elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"17207cdf\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a href=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-\u2014-\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f-7.jpg\" data-elementor-open-lightbox=\"yes\" data-e-action-hash=\"#elementor-action%3Aaction%3Dlightbox%26settings%3DeyJpZCI6MTAwNTYsInVybCI6Imh0dHBzOlwvXC9ib29rcy5icmwuYnlcL3dwLWNvbnRlbnRcL3VwbG9hZHNcLzIwMjVcLzAyXC8wMi1cdTIwMTQtXHUwNDNhXHUwNDNlXHUwNDNmXHUwNDM4XHUwNDRmLTcuanBnIn0%3D\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"993\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-\u2014-\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f-7.jpg\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-10056\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-\u2014-\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f-7.jpg 993w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-\u2014-\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f-7-300x174.jpg 300w, https:\/\/books.brl.by\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/02\/02-\u2014-\u043a\u043e\u043f\u0438\u044f-7-768x445.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 993px) 100vw, 993px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-78db28c7 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"78db28c7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\u0428\u0442\u0430\u043c\u043f, \u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439, 22\u00d751, \u0448\u0440\u0438\u0444\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439, \u0441 \u0442\u0435\u043a\u0441\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0432 \u043b\u0438\u043d\u0435\u0439\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u043c\u043a\u0435: \u00ab\u0412\u043e\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c | \u0411\u0418\u0411\u041b\u0418\u041e\u0422\u0415\u041a\u0410 | \u043f\u043e\u043b. \u043f\u043e\u0447\u0442\u0430 \u2026\u00bb. \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5599edf0 e-flex e-con-boxed wpr-particle-no wpr-jarallax-no wpr-parallax-no wpr-sticky-section-no e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"5599edf0\" data-element_type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7deff368 wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed wpr-stt-btn-align-fixed-right elementor-widget elementor-widget-global elementor-global-9339 elementor-widget-wpr-back-to-top\" data-id=\"7deff368\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"wpr-back-to-top.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"wpr-stt-wrapper\"><div class='wpr-stt-btn' data-settings='{&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;slide&quot;,&quot;animationOffset&quot;:&quot;0&quot;,&quot;animationDuration&quot;:&quot;500&quot;,&quot;fixed&quot;:&quot;fixed&quot;,&quot;scrolAnim&quot;:&quot;800&quot;}'><span class=\"wpr-stt-icon\"><svg class=\"e-font-icon-svg e-fas-arrow-up\" viewBox=\"0 0 448 512\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"><path d=\"M34.9 289.5l-22.2-22.2c-9.4-9.4-9.4-24.6 0-33.9L207 39c9.4-9.4 24.6-9.4 33.9 0l194.3 194.3c9.4 9.4 9.4 24.6 0 33.9L413 289.4c-9.5 9.5-25 9.3-34.3-.4L264 168.6V456c0 13.3-10.7 24-24 24h-32c-13.3 0-24-10.7-24-24V168.6L69.2 289.1c-9.3 9.8-24.8 10-34.3.4z\"><\/path><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u041d\u0430\u0437\u0430\u0434 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b, \u0413. \u0416\u0438\u0437\u043d\u0435\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0446\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0440\u0435\u0439 \/ \u0413\u0430\u0439 \u0421\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043e\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0422\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043a\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043b ; \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0434 \u0441 \u043b\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0414. \u041f. \u041a\u043e\u043d\u0447\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e ; \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0410\u0434\u0440. \u041f\u0438\u043e\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e ; [\u0437\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u0442\u0438\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043b\u0438\u0441\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043f\u043b\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u0441\u0443\u043f\u0435\u0440-\u043e\u0431\u043b\u043e\u0436\u043a\u0430 \u0421\u0430\u0440\u0440\u044b \u0428\u043e\u0440]. \u2013 \u041c\u043e\u0441\u043a\u0432\u0430 ; \u041b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043d\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0434 : Academia, 1933 (\u0432 \u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0435 \u0433\u043e\u0434 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d \u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c\u0438 \u0446\u0438\u0444\u0440\u0430\u043c\u0438: M.CM.XXXIII). \u2013 637, [3] \u0441. \u2013 (\u0410\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0430 \/ \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u043e\u0431\u0449\u0435\u0439 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\u0431\u0438\u043e\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0435\u043d\u0430\u0434\u0446\u0430\u0442\u0438 \u0440\u0438\u043c\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0442 \u0413\u0430\u044f \u042e\u043b\u0438\u044f \u0426\u0435\u0437\u0430\u0440\u044f (100\u201344 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u0434\u043e \u043d. \u044d.) \u0434\u043e \u0414\u043e\u043c\u0438\u0446\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0430 (51\u201396 \u0433\u043e\u0434\u044b \u043d. \u044d.). \u041a\u043d\u0438\u0433\u0430 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0430 \u0432 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435 ACADEMIA, \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u043f\u0443\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u043e\u043a\u0430\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0438\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 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\u2026\u00bb.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":10051,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"hide_page_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[83,1],"tags":[129],"class_list":["post-10050","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-f1","category-1","tag-k19"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10050","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=10050"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10050\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/10051"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=10050"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=10050"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/books.brl.by\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=10050"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}